657 lines
20 KiB
C
657 lines
20 KiB
C
/*
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* Copyright (c) 1990 The Regents of the University of California.
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* All rights reserved.
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*
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* Redistribution and use in source and binary forms are permitted
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* provided that the above copyright notice and this paragraph are
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* duplicated in all such forms and that any documentation,
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* advertising materials, and other materials related to such
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* distribution and use acknowledge that the software was developed
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* by the University of California, Berkeley. The name of the
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* University may not be used to endorse or promote products derived
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* from this software without specific prior written permission.
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* THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED ``AS IS'' AND WITHOUT ANY EXPRESS OR
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* IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, WITHOUT LIMITATION, THE IMPLIED
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* WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
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*/
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/*
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FUNCTION
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<<sprintf>>, <<fprintf>>, <<printf>>, <<snprintf>>, <<asprintf>>, <<asnprintf>>---format output
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INDEX
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fprintf
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INDEX
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_fprintf_r
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INDEX
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printf
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INDEX
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_printf_r
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INDEX
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asprintf
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INDEX
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_asprintf_r
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INDEX
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sprintf
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INDEX
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_sprintf_r
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INDEX
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snprintf
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INDEX
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_snprintf_r
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INDEX
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asnprintf
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INDEX
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_asnprintf_r
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SYNOPSIS
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#include <stdio.h>
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int printf(const char *restrict <[format]>, ...);
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int fprintf(FILE *restrict <[fd]>, const char *restrict <[format]>, ...);
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int sprintf(char *restrict <[str]>, const char *restrict <[format]>, ...);
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int snprintf(char *restrict <[str]>, size_t <[size]>, const char *restrict <[format]>,
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...);
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int asprintf(char **restrict <[strp]>, const char *restrict <[format]>, ...);
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char *asnprintf(char *restrict <[str]>, size_t *restrict <[size]>, const char *restrict <[format]>,
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...);
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int _printf_r(struct _reent *<[ptr]>, const char *restrict <[format]>, ...);
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int _fprintf_r(struct _reent *<[ptr]>, FILE *restrict <[fd]>,
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const char *restrict <[format]>, ...);
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int _sprintf_r(struct _reent *<[ptr]>, char *restrict <[str]>,
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const char *restrict <[format]>, ...);
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int _snprintf_r(struct _reent *<[ptr]>, char *restrict <[str]>, size_t <[size]>,
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const char *restrict <[format]>, ...);
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int _asprintf_r(struct _reent *<[ptr]>, char **restrict <[strp]>,
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const char *restrict <[format]>, ...);
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char *_asnprintf_r(struct _reent *<[ptr]>, char *restrict <[str]>,
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size_t *restrict <[size]>, const char *restrict <[format]>, ...);
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DESCRIPTION
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<<printf>> accepts a series of arguments, applies to each a
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format specifier from <<*<[format]>>>, and writes the
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formatted data to <<stdout>>, without a terminating NUL
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character. The behavior of <<printf>> is undefined if there
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are not enough arguments for the format. <<printf>> returns
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when it reaches the end of the format string. If there are
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more arguments than the format requires, excess arguments are
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ignored.
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<<fprintf>> is like <<printf>>, except that output is directed
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to the stream <[fd]> rather than <<stdout>>.
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<<sprintf>> is like <<printf>>, except that output is directed
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to the buffer <[str]>, and a terminating NUL is output.
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Behavior is undefined if more output is generated than the
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buffer can hold.
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<<snprintf>> is like <<sprintf>>, except that output is
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limited to at most <[size]> bytes, including the terminating
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<<NUL>>. As a special case, if <[size]> is 0, <[str]> can be
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NULL, and <<snprintf>> merely calculates how many bytes would
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be printed.
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<<asprintf>> is like <<sprintf>>, except that the output is
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stored in a dynamically allocated buffer, <[pstr]>, which
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should be freed later with <<free>>.
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<<asnprintf>> is like <<sprintf>>, except that the return type
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is either the original <[str]> if it was large enough, or a
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dynamically allocated string if the output exceeds *<[size]>;
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the length of the result is returned in *<[size]>. When
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dynamic allocation occurs, the contents of the original
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<[str]> may have been modified.
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For <<sprintf>>, <<snprintf>>, and <<asnprintf>>, the behavior
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is undefined if the output <<*<[str]>>> overlaps with one of
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the arguments. Behavior is also undefined if the argument for
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<<%n>> within <<*<[format]>>> overlaps another argument.
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<[format]> is a pointer to a character string containing two
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types of objects: ordinary characters (other than <<%>>),
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which are copied unchanged to the output, and conversion
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specifications, each of which is introduced by <<%>>. (To
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include <<%>> in the output, use <<%%>> in the format string.)
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A conversion specification has the following form:
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. %[<[pos]>][<[flags]>][<[width]>][.<[prec]>][<[size]>]<[type]>
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The fields of the conversion specification have the following
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meanings:
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O+
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o <[pos]>
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Conversions normally consume arguments in the order that they
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are presented. However, it is possible to consume arguments
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out of order, and reuse an argument for more than one
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conversion specification (although the behavior is undefined
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if the same argument is requested with different types), by
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specifying <[pos]>, which is a decimal integer followed by
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'$'. The integer must be between 1 and <NL_ARGMAX> from
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limits.h, and if argument <<%n$>> is requested, all earlier
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arguments must be requested somewhere within <[format]>. If
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positional parameters are used, then all conversion
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specifications except for <<%%>> must specify a position.
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This positional parameters method is a POSIX extension to the C
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standard definition for the functions.
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o <[flags]>
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<[flags]> is an optional sequence of characters which control
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output justification, numeric signs, decimal points, trailing
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zeros, and octal and hex prefixes. The flag characters are
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minus (<<->>), plus (<<+>>), space ( ), zero (<<0>>), sharp
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(<<#>>), and quote (<<'>>). They can appear in any
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combination, although not all flags can be used for all
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conversion specification types.
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o+
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o '
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A POSIX extension to the C standard. However, this
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implementation presently treats it as a no-op, which
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is the default behavior for the C locale, anyway. (If
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it did what it is supposed to, when <[type]> were <<i>>,
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<<d>>, <<u>>, <<f>>, <<F>>, <<g>>, or <<G>>, the
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integer portion of the conversion would be formatted
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with thousands' grouping wide characters.)
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o -
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The result of the conversion is left
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justified, and the right is padded with
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blanks. If you do not use this flag, the
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result is right justified, and padded on the
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left.
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o +
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The result of a signed conversion (as
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determined by <[type]> of <<d>>, <<i>>, <<a>>,
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<<A>>, <<e>>, <<E>>, <<f>>, <<F>>, <<g>>, or
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<<G>>) will always begin with a plus or minus
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sign. (If you do not use this flag, positive
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values do not begin with a plus sign.)
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o " " (space)
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If the first character of a signed conversion
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specification is not a sign, or if a signed
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conversion results in no characters, the
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result will begin with a space. If the space
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( ) flag and the plus (<<+>>) flag both
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appear, the space flag is ignored.
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o 0
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If the <[type]> character is <<d>>, <<i>>,
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<<o>>, <<u>>, <<x>>, <<X>>, <<a>>, <<A>>,
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<<e>>, <<E>>, <<f>>, <<F>>, <<g>>, or <<G>>: leading
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zeros are used to pad the field width
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(following any indication of sign or base); no
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spaces are used for padding. If the zero
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(<<0>>) and minus (<<->>) flags both appear,
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the zero (<<0>>) flag will be ignored. For
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<<d>>, <<i>>, <<o>>, <<u>>, <<x>>, and <<X>>
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conversions, if a precision <[prec]> is
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specified, the zero (<<0>>) flag is ignored.
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Note that <<0>> is interpreted as a flag, not
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as the beginning of a field width.
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o #
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The result is to be converted to an
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alternative form, according to the <[type]>
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character.
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o-
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The alternative form output with the # flag depends on the <[type]>
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character:
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o+
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o o
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Increases precision to force the first
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digit of the result to be a zero.
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o x
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A non-zero result will have a <<0x>>
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prefix.
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o X
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A non-zero result will have a <<0X>>
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prefix.
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o a, A, e, E, f, or F
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The result will always contain a
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decimal point even if no digits follow
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the point. (Normally, a decimal point
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appears only if a digit follows it.)
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Trailing zeros are removed.
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o g or G
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The result will always contain a
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decimal point even if no digits follow
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the point. Trailing zeros are not
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removed.
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o all others
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Undefined.
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o-
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o <[width]>
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<[width]> is an optional minimum field width. You can
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either specify it directly as a decimal integer, or
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indirectly by using instead an asterisk (<<*>>), in
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which case an <<int>> argument is used as the field
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width. If positional arguments are used, then the
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width must also be specified positionally as <<*m$>>,
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with m as a decimal integer. Negative field widths
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are treated as specifying the minus (<<->>) flag for
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left justfication, along with a positive field width.
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The resulting format may be wider than the specified
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width.
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o <[prec]>
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<[prec]> is an optional field; if present, it is
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introduced with `<<.>>' (a period). You can specify
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the precision either directly as a decimal integer or
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indirectly by using an asterisk (<<*>>), in which case
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an <<int>> argument is used as the precision. If
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positional arguments are used, then the precision must
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also be specified positionally as <<*m$>>, with m as a
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decimal integer. Supplying a negative precision is
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equivalent to omitting the precision. If only a
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period is specified the precision is zero. The effect
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depends on the conversion <[type]>.
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o+
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o d, i, o, u, x, or X
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Minimum number of digits to appear. If no
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precision is given, defaults to 1.
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o a or A
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Number of digits to appear after the decimal
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point. If no precision is given, the
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precision defaults to the minimum needed for
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an exact representation.
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o e, E, f or F
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Number of digits to appear after the decimal
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point. If no precision is given, the
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precision defaults to 6.
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o g or G
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Maximum number of significant digits. A
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precision of 0 is treated the same as a
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precision of 1. If no precision is given, the
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precision defaults to 6.
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o s or S
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Maximum number of characters to print from the
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string. If no precision is given, the entire
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string is printed.
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o all others
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undefined.
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o-
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o <[size]>
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<[size]> is an optional modifier that changes the data
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type that the corresponding argument has. Behavior is
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unspecified if a size is given that does not match the
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<[type]>.
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o+
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o hh
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With <<d>>, <<i>>, <<o>>, <<u>>, <<x>>, or
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<<X>>, specifies that the argument should be
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converted to a <<signed char>> or <<unsigned
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char>> before printing.
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With <<n>>, specifies that the argument is a
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pointer to a <<signed char>>.
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o h
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With <<d>>, <<i>>, <<o>>, <<u>>, <<x>>, or
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<<X>>, specifies that the argument should be
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converted to a <<short>> or <<unsigned short>>
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before printing.
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With <<n>>, specifies that the argument is a
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pointer to a <<short>>.
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o l
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With <<d>>, <<i>>, <<o>>, <<u>>, <<x>>, or
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<<X>>, specifies that the argument is a
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<<long>> or <<unsigned long>>.
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With <<c>>, specifies that the argument has
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type <<wint_t>>.
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With <<s>>, specifies that the argument is a
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pointer to <<wchar_t>>.
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With <<n>>, specifies that the argument is a
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pointer to a <<long>>.
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With <<a>>, <<A>>, <<e>>, <<E>>, <<f>>, <<F>>,
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<<g>>, or <<G>>, has no effect (because of
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vararg promotion rules, there is no need to
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distinguish between <<float>> and <<double>>).
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o ll
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With <<d>>, <<i>>, <<o>>, <<u>>, <<x>>, or
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<<X>>, specifies that the argument is a
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<<long long>> or <<unsigned long long>>.
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With <<n>>, specifies that the argument is a
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pointer to a <<long long>>.
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o j
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With <<d>>, <<i>>, <<o>>, <<u>>, <<x>>, or
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<<X>>, specifies that the argument is an
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<<intmax_t>> or <<uintmax_t>>.
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With <<n>>, specifies that the argument is a
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pointer to an <<intmax_t>>.
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o z
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With <<d>>, <<i>>, <<o>>, <<u>>, <<x>>, or
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<<X>>, specifies that the argument is a <<size_t>>.
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With <<n>>, specifies that the argument is a
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pointer to a <<size_t>>.
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o t
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With <<d>>, <<i>>, <<o>>, <<u>>, <<x>>, or
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<<X>>, specifies that the argument is a
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<<ptrdiff_t>>.
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With <<n>>, specifies that the argument is a
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pointer to a <<ptrdiff_t>>.
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o L
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With <<a>>, <<A>>, <<e>>, <<E>>, <<f>>, <<F>>,
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<<g>>, or <<G>>, specifies that the argument
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is a <<long double>>.
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o-
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o <[type]>
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<[type]> specifies what kind of conversion <<printf>>
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performs. Here is a table of these:
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o+
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o %
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Prints the percent character (<<%>>).
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o c
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Prints <[arg]> as single character. If the
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<<l>> size specifier is in effect, a multibyte
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character is printed.
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o C
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Short for <<%lc>>. A POSIX extension to the C standard.
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o s
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Prints the elements of a pointer to <<char>>
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until the precision or a null character is
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reached. If the <<l>> size specifier is in
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effect, the pointer is to an array of
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<<wchar_t>>, and the string is converted to
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multibyte characters before printing.
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o S
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Short for <<%ls>>. A POSIX extension to the C standard.
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o d or i
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Prints a signed decimal integer; takes an
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<<int>>. Leading zeros are inserted as
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necessary to reach the precision. A value of 0 with
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a precision of 0 produces an empty string.
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o D
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Newlib extension, short for <<%ld>>.
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o o
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Prints an unsigned octal integer; takes an
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<<unsigned>>. Leading zeros are inserted as
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necessary to reach the precision. A value of 0 with
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a precision of 0 produces an empty string.
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o O
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Newlib extension, short for <<%lo>>.
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o u
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Prints an unsigned decimal integer; takes an
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<<unsigned>>. Leading zeros are inserted as
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necessary to reach the precision. A value of 0 with
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a precision of 0 produces an empty string.
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o U
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Newlib extension, short for <<%lu>>.
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o x
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Prints an unsigned hexadecimal integer (using
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<<abcdef>> as digits beyond <<9>>); takes an
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<<unsigned>>. Leading zeros are inserted as
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necessary to reach the precision. A value of 0 with
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a precision of 0 produces an empty string.
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o X
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Like <<x>>, but uses <<ABCDEF>> as digits
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beyond <<9>>.
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o f
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Prints a signed value of the form
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<<[-]9999.9999>>, with the precision
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determining how many digits follow the decimal
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point; takes a <<double>> (remember that
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<<float>> promotes to <<double>> as a vararg).
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The low order digit is rounded to even. If
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the precision results in at most DECIMAL_DIG
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digits, the result is rounded correctly; if
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more than DECIMAL_DIG digits are printed, the
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result is only guaranteed to round back to the
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original value.
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If the value is infinite, the result is
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<<inf>>, and no zero padding is performed. If
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the value is not a number, the result is
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<<nan>>, and no zero padding is performed.
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o F
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Like <<f>>, but uses <<INF>> and <<NAN>> for
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non-finite numbers.
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o e
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Prints a signed value of the form
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<<[-]9.9999e[+|-]999>>; takes a <<double>>.
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The digit before the decimal point is non-zero
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if the value is non-zero. The precision
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determines how many digits appear between
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<<.>> and <<e>>, and the exponent always
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contains at least two digits. The value zero
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has an exponent of zero. If the value is not
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finite, it is printed like <<f>>.
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o E
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Like <<e>>, but using <<E>> to introduce the
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exponent, and like <<F>> for non-finite
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values.
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o g
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Prints a signed value in either <<f>> or <<e>>
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form, based on the given value and
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precision---an exponent less than -4 or
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greater than the precision selects the <<e>>
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form. Trailing zeros and the decimal point
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are printed only if necessary; takes a
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<<double>>.
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o G
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Like <<g>>, except use <<F>> or <<E>> form.
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o a
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Prints a signed value of the form
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<<[-]0x1.ffffp[+|-]9>>; takes a <<double>>.
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The letters <<abcdef>> are used for digits
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beyond <<9>>. The precision determines how
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many digits appear after the decimal point.
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The exponent contains at least one digit, and
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is a decimal value representing the power of
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2; a value of 0 has an exponent of 0.
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Non-finite values are printed like <<f>>.
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o A
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Like <<a>>, except uses <<X>>, <<P>>, and
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<<ABCDEF>> instead of lower case.
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o n
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Takes a pointer to <<int>>, and stores a count
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of the number of bytes written so far. No
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output is created.
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o p
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Takes a pointer to <<void>>, and prints it in
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an implementation-defined format. This
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implementation is similar to <<%#tx>>), except
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that <<0x>> appears even for the NULL pointer.
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|
|
o m
|
|
Prints the output of <<strerror(errno)>>; no
|
|
argument is required. A GNU extension.
|
|
|
|
o-
|
|
O-
|
|
|
|
<<_printf_r>>, <<_fprintf_r>>, <<_asprintf_r>>,
|
|
<<_sprintf_r>>, <<_snprintf_r>>, <<_asnprintf_r>> are simply
|
|
reentrant versions of the functions above.
|
|
|
|
RETURNS
|
|
On success, <<sprintf>> and <<asprintf>> return the number of bytes in
|
|
the output string, except the concluding <<NUL>> is not counted.
|
|
<<snprintf>> returns the number of bytes that would be in the output
|
|
string, except the concluding <<NUL>> is not counted. <<printf>> and
|
|
<<fprintf>> return the number of characters transmitted.
|
|
<<asnprintf>> returns the original <[str]> if there was enough room,
|
|
otherwise it returns an allocated string.
|
|
|
|
If an error occurs, the result of <<printf>>, <<fprintf>>,
|
|
<<snprintf>>, and <<asprintf>> is a negative value, and the result of
|
|
<<asnprintf>> is NULL. No error returns occur for <<sprintf>>. For
|
|
<<printf>> and <<fprintf>>, <<errno>> may be set according to
|
|
<<fputc>>. For <<asprintf>> and <<asnprintf>>, <<errno>> may be set
|
|
to ENOMEM if allocation fails, and for <<snprintf>>, <<errno>> may be
|
|
set to EOVERFLOW if <[size]> or the output length exceeds INT_MAX.
|
|
|
|
BUGS
|
|
The ``''' (quote) flag does not work when locale's thousands_sep is not empty.
|
|
|
|
PORTABILITY
|
|
ANSI C requires <<printf>>, <<fprintf>>, <<sprintf>>, and
|
|
<<snprintf>>. <<asprintf>> and <<asnprintf>> are newlib extensions.
|
|
|
|
The ANSI C standard specifies that implementations must support at
|
|
least formatted output of up to 509 characters. This implementation
|
|
has no inherent limit.
|
|
|
|
Depending on how newlib was configured, not all format specifiers are
|
|
supported.
|
|
|
|
Supporting OS subroutines required: <<close>>, <<fstat>>, <<isatty>>,
|
|
<<lseek>>, <<read>>, <<sbrk>>, <<write>>.
|
|
*/
|
|
|
|
#include <_ansi.h>
|
|
#include <reent.h>
|
|
#include <stdio.h>
|
|
#ifdef _HAVE_STDC
|
|
#include <stdarg.h>
|
|
#else
|
|
#include <varargs.h>
|
|
#endif
|
|
#include <limits.h>
|
|
#include "local.h"
|
|
|
|
int
|
|
#ifdef _HAVE_STDC
|
|
_sprintf_r (struct _reent *ptr,
|
|
char *__restrict str,
|
|
const char *__restrict fmt, ...)
|
|
#else
|
|
_sprintf_r(ptr, str, fmt, va_alist)
|
|
struct _reent *ptr;
|
|
char *__restrict str;
|
|
const char *__restrict fmt;
|
|
va_dcl
|
|
#endif
|
|
{
|
|
int ret;
|
|
va_list ap;
|
|
FILE f;
|
|
|
|
f._flags = __SWR | __SSTR;
|
|
f._bf._base = f._p = (unsigned char *) str;
|
|
f._bf._size = f._w = INT_MAX;
|
|
f._file = -1; /* No file. */
|
|
#ifdef _HAVE_STDC
|
|
va_start (ap, fmt);
|
|
#else
|
|
va_start (ap);
|
|
#endif
|
|
ret = _svfprintf_r (ptr, &f, fmt, ap);
|
|
va_end (ap);
|
|
*f._p = '\0'; /* terminate the string */
|
|
return (ret);
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
#ifdef _NANO_FORMATTED_IO
|
|
int
|
|
_siprintf_r (struct _reent *, char *, const char *, ...)
|
|
_ATTRIBUTE ((__alias__("_sprintf_r")));
|
|
#endif
|
|
|
|
#ifndef _REENT_ONLY
|
|
|
|
int
|
|
#ifdef _HAVE_STDC
|
|
sprintf (char *__restrict str,
|
|
const char *__restrict fmt, ...)
|
|
#else
|
|
sprintf(str, fmt, va_alist)
|
|
char *str;
|
|
const char *fmt;
|
|
va_dcl
|
|
#endif
|
|
{
|
|
int ret;
|
|
va_list ap;
|
|
FILE f;
|
|
|
|
f._flags = __SWR | __SSTR;
|
|
f._bf._base = f._p = (unsigned char *) str;
|
|
f._bf._size = f._w = INT_MAX;
|
|
f._file = -1; /* No file. */
|
|
#ifdef _HAVE_STDC
|
|
va_start (ap, fmt);
|
|
#else
|
|
va_start (ap);
|
|
#endif
|
|
ret = _svfprintf_r (_REENT, &f, fmt, ap);
|
|
va_end (ap);
|
|
*f._p = '\0'; /* terminate the string */
|
|
return (ret);
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
#ifdef _NANO_FORMATTED_IO
|
|
int
|
|
siprintf (char *, const char *, ...)
|
|
_ATTRIBUTE ((__alias__("sprintf")));
|
|
#endif
|
|
#endif
|