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sh-elf-gcc/README.md

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SuperH toolchain: sh-elf-gcc

This repository provides scripts to automatically compile and install an SH3/SH4-compatible GCC cross-compiler. GCC is a collection of compilers most commonly used for C/C++.

The following three methods can be used to install the compiler with different levels of automation.

Note that this repository should usually be built twice: first to build the compiler, and then after the libc is installed to build the C++ library.

Method 1: Using GiteaPC

The most common way to install this compiler is for the fxSDK, and it can be automated with GiteaPC:

% giteapc install Lephenixnoir/sh-elf-gcc

This installs GCC (and binutils if missing) in the fxSDK's SuperH system root. Note that at first it will not install the C++ standard library libstdc++, because it requires the C standard library which is not available at this stage. After you install fxlibc you should run GiteaPC's install command again, and this time the scripts will build libstdc++. The GiteaPC tutorial has more detailed instructions about this two-stage process.

A :any configuration is provided in case you already have another version of GCC installed in the fxSDK sysroot and want to keep using it (ie. skip a version upgrade). This will mark this repository as installed, so other repositories depending on it can build, without actually compiling binutils.

% giteapc install Lephenixnoir/sh-elf-gcc:any

A :clean configuration is also provided if you want to clean up the source and build files automatically after the second pass. This frees up some disk space.

% giteapc install Lephenixnoir/sh-elf-gcc:clean

Method 2: Manually running the scripts

Make sure to previously install:

Follow the same procedure as for binutils; preferably use the same PREFIX.

% make -f giteapc.make configure build install PREFIX="$HOME/.local"

Method 3: Fully manually

TODO: Manual install tutorial and link to the Planète Casio one

TODO: The stuff below about libstdc++ is outdated, we can now build the entire thing

Notes on building libstdc++-v3

These are experimental notes on attempts at building the C++ standard library implementation bundled with GCC, libstdc++-v3. For the official manual, see libstdc++ info manual, Chapter 2: Setup (gcc.gnu.org).

So far, I was only able to build the free-standing subset which has basically nothing in it, see Freestanding and hosted implementations (cppreference.com). As a rule of thumb only features that look like extensions of the language are supported in there (RTTI, exceptions, coroutines, etc.) and everything that looks like a library (STL containers, I/O tools, filesystem) you can forget about. This subset does not include familiar features but it is needed nonetheless for C++ programs to work at all.

So how do we go around doing that?

First configure GCC as usual (follow configure.sh), but use a separate build folder. Since this is experimental the files are likely to stay here longer while debugging and you don't want them gone during a GCC upgrade. There are a couple of additional flags to care about, mainly described here.

% export PREFIX="$(pwd)"
% mkdir build-libstdc++
% cd build-libstdc++
% ../gcc-11.1.0/configure --prefix="$PREFIX" --target=sh3eb-elf --with-multilib-list=m3,m4-nofpu --enable-languages=c,c++ --without-headers --with-newlib --program-prefix=sh-elf- --enable-libssp --enable-lto --enable-clocale=generic --enable-libstdcxx-allocator --disable-threads --disable-hosted-libstdcxx --disable-libstdcxx-verbose --enable-cxx-flags="-ffreestanding -fno-exceptions"
  • --enable-clocale=generic: We want minimal locales and this is certainly the minimalistic option.
  • --enable-libstdcxx-allocator: =malloc might be an option too.
  • --disable-threads: Obvious.
  • --disable-hosted-libstdcxx: This builds only the free-standing subset of the library. If you're adventurous, remove it.
  • --disable-libstdcxx-verbose: We don't have a systematic standard error stream anyway.
  • --enable-cxx-flags="-ffreestanding -fno-exceptions": Everything should be free-standing since we don't use a standard runtime.

Currently I don't know of a way to completely disable exceptions in a way that linking with libstdc++ does not include all the stack unwinding and RTTI code for exceptions, but it sure starts with -fno-exceptions so it can't hurt to have that.

Now build and install that GCC and the libgcc.

% make -j$(nproc) all-gcc all-target-libgcc
% make -j$(nproc) install-strip-gcc install-strip-target-libgcc

Next step is to install OpenLibm and fxlibc since we're certainly not going to build the C++ standard library without the C standard library.

For some reason OpenLibm installs its headers in the include/openlibm subfolder, but then includes them as if they were in include, so we have to add a path. Normally either the projet provides that path, or gint does it through its CMake find module. Here we can symlink to the sh3eb-elf/sys-include folder in this repo's root folder (or include but it's already symlinked to the compiler's install folder and we don't really want to override that).

% SRC="$(sh-elf-gcc -print-file-name=include/openlibm)"
% DST="../sh3eb-elf/sys-include"
% mkdir -p "$DST"
% for x in "$SRC"/*.h; do ln -s "$x" "$DST/${x#$SRC/}"; done

Also <stdint.h> has issues because GCC only redirects to its default "stdint-gcc.h" when free-standing, which conftest programs are not, so we have to provide some version of <stdint.h>.

% echo '#include "stdint-gcc.h"' > ../sh3eb-elf/sys-include/stdint.h

After this, come back to the build folder, run the build command for libstdc++-v3, and hope it works out. I recommend not using -j as it makes error messages and logs more linear, and the library builds very fast anyway.

% make all-target-libstdc++-v3

If it fails, check out sh3eb-elf/libstdc++-v3/config.log for configure errors, or other log files if you make it past the configuration step. config.log has many details on programs that failed to compile; not all failures to build are fatal for the configuration step, but some are.

If it succeeds, install.

% make install-strip-target-libstdc++-v3